看電影學機經(高機率考題）：The Great Gastby and the Great Depression

中文機經： 

      Great depression1929-1936年的大蕭條，先是經過20年代後期連續5年的高速發展，股票狂漲300%，經濟很繁榮 然後從某個星期四開始狂降，第一階段剛穩定，歐 洲開始經濟大衰退，這一環節同樣給美國帶來二次災難。農業沒辦法賣出高價，銀行和金融沒有出路，投資者和零售商都損失慘重。民眾認為政府和胡弗總統有不可 推卸的責任。

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The Great Gatsby （大亨小傳） 這部改編小說的電影背景就是在Roaring Twenties (1920s: a period of sustained economic prosperity ), 當時經濟是前所未有的蓬勃發展，男主角Jay Gatsby就是生活在此紙醉金迷的上流世界，也因此時爵士樂興起，也被稱為Jazz Age.

Leonardo DiCaprio as "Jay Gatsby"

      The Wall Street Crash of 1929

      The Wall Street Crash of 1929, also known as Black Tuesday and the Stock Market Crash of 1929, began in late October 1929 and was the most devastating stock market crash in the history of the United States, when taking into consideration the full extent and duration of its fallout. The crash signaled the beginning of the 10-year Great Depression that affected all Western industrialized countries and did not end in the United States until the onset of American mobilization for World War II at the end of 1941.

      --Black Thursday （黑色星期四）

      On October 24 ("Black Thursday"), the market lost 11% of its value at the opening bell on very heavy trading.

      對歐洲的影響

      The Great Depression severely affected central Europe. The unemployment rate in Germany, Austria and Poland rose to 20% while output fell by 40%. By November 1932, every European country had increased tariffs (關稅） or introduced import quotas （進口量）.

      Under the Dawes Plan, the German economy boomed in the 1920s, paying reparations （戰敗國的賠款） and increasing domestic production. Germany's economy retracted in 1929 when Congress discontinued the Dawes Plan loans. This was not just a problem for Germany. Europe received almost $8 billion USD in American credit between 1924 and 1930 in addition to previous war time loans.

 President Hoover's reaction 胡佛總統當時的作法

Hebert Hoover was blamed for the great depression because of his lack of involvement and issue with the stock market. He took out his money from the stocks which feared Americans currently invested in the stock market, so they pulled their money out as well, this decreased the value of stocks greatly. Also, when the great depression struck, Hoover decided not to give government aid to the people believing that it would inflate the Federal government budget. Later on though, Hoover decided to take action and try to get America out of this depression.