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| Mesoamerica |
Mesoameirca中美洲涵蓋範圍： is a region and cultural area in the Americas, extending
approximately from central Mexico to Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras,
Nicaragua, and northern Costa Rica.
提到中美洲大家第一個想到的文明是Maya, 不過他的mother
culture是 Olmec.
Mesoamerican civilization began with the Olmec
culture, which provided the cultural foundation upon which all subsequent
Mesoamerican civilizations were constructed. Consequently, the Olmec are known
as the mother culture of Mesoamerica. A basic familiarity with Olmec art
thus serves as a basic familiarity with Mesoamerican art generally.
Mesoamrican art:
講到此地的藝術作品一定會提到他們的大頭像: colossal heads.
The most famous Olmec works are the colossal heads: enormous stone busts （半身像） which stand over six feet high.
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| Colossal heads |
Architecture:
階梯式金字塔
The stepped
pyramid is the primary form of large-scale Mesoamerican
architecture. Like the ziggurats (古代亞述及巴比倫之寶塔式建築)of Mesopotamia, the Mesoamerican pyramid served mainly as a platform
for a temple; chambers within the pyramid itself were small, if present at all.
While early Mesoamerican pyramids were made of earth (or a combination of earth
and stone), stone became
the standard construction material. Consequently, Mesoamerican pyramids have
weathered the centuries far better than their ziggurat cousins (which were made
of brick).
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| Mesopotamia ziggurat |
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| Chichen Itza |
While most Mayan architecture was constructed in a purely Mayan style, the most famous Mayan structure features a hybrid Maya-Toltec style. This structure is El Castillo (the castle), the great central pyramid in the Mayan city of Chichen Itza, Mexico.
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