2013年5月29日 星期三

六月份高機率機經聽力:Romanticism V.S. Realism

用簡單幾個表格帶同學快速了解Romanticism realism的特色及不同處!
 
              
原始中文機經:American literature 的變遷。浪漫主義,和現實主義文學。

表格1:
               ROMANTIC                                     NON-ROMANTIC/CLASSICAL
               Emotional                                                Reasonable and Practical
               Individualistic                                           Public Responsibility
               Revolutionary                                          Conservative
               Loves Solitude & Nature                          Loves Public, Urban Life
               Fantasy/Introspection                              External Reality
               The Particular                                           The Universal
               Subjective Perception                              Objective Science 
               Satisfaction of Desire                               Desire Repressed 情感壓抑的
               Organic 富含生命力的                              Mechanical  機械的
               Creative Energy/Power                            Form 制式化
               Exotic                                                       Mundane
               "Noble Savage"/Outcasts                         Bourgeois Family 中產階級家庭

Romanticism

表格2:                                   

Genre
American Author
Perceived the individual as...
Romantics
Ralph Waldo Emerson
a god
Realists
Henry James
William Dean Howells
Mark Twain
simply a person

American Realism 代表作家: Mark Twain


Plot and character

現實主義顧名思義就是故事反應現實社會狀況,所以一般認為命運掌握在人的手中,也大多描述中產階級   (bourgeois Family)的平凡人的故事,

  • Character is more important than action and plot; complex ethical choices are often the subject.
  •  Characters appear in the real complexity of temperament and motive; they are in explicable relation to nature, to each other, to their social class, to their own past.
  • Humans control their destinies; characters act on their environment rather than simply reacting to it.
  • Renders reality closely and in comprehensive detail.  Selective presentation of reality with an emphasis on verisimilitude (真實性), even at the expense of a well-made plot.
  • Events will usually be plausible.  Realistic novels avoid the sensational, dramatic elements of naturalistic novels and romances.
  • Class is important; the novel has traditionally served the interests and aspirations of an insurgent middle class.

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